The Faculty of Education for Pure Sciences at the University of Basra researched a doctoral thesis, which addressed the effect of cadmium chloride and cerium oxide nanoparticles in pregnant mothers and fetal formation.

The study, by researcher Sondos Jafar Razzaq, assessed the histological and molecular changes of fetuses and their placentas after intraperitoneal injection of the two compounds in female rats during different gestation periods.

The results showed that cadmium chloride caused a significant decrease in the growth of fetuses and placentas, while cerium oxide nanorods minimized the harmful effect and improved the studied parameters.

The study also showed clear differences in chondrogenic differentiation and gene expression associated with bone and cartilage formation.

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